Duplicating machine



April 18, 1939. T. w. BANNON 2,154,718

DUPLICATING MACHINE Filed Dec. 14, 1956 4 Sheefs-Sheet 1 April 18 19 39- T. w. BANNON v 2,154,718

. DUPLICATING MACHINE Filed Dec. 14, 1956 '4 Sheets-Sheet 2 lime/Z57 Zia/[2057f April- 18, 1939. 11 w; BANNQN 2,154,718

DUPLICATING MACHINE Filed Dec. 14, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 April 18, 1939. 'r. w. BANNON DUPLICATING MACHINE Filed Dec. 14, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Apr. 18, 1939 UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE DUPLICATING MACHINE Thomas W. Bannon, Chicago, 11].,

mesne assignments, to Edmund troit, Mich.

assignor, by L. Wall, De-

Application December 14, 1936, Serial No. 115,732

4 Claims. ((21. 9o 24.s)

This invention relates to improvements. in duplicating machines, in which the relative movements of a cutting tool and the work upon which the tool operates, are controlled by a tracer moving over the surface of a template, and is- A further object is to provide an attachmentof this character which will in no way affect the use of the shaper or planer in the standard conventional manner, when so desired.

A further object is to provide a device of this character which may be constructed as a component part of a shaper or planer, or as an attachment therefor, and in which machine there is provided improved means whereby the work will be moved into contact with the cutter or the cutter moved into contact with the work, according to the type of machine with which this invention is employed, such movement being effected by fluid control means, which in turn is controlled by valve mechanism responsive in its operation to the relative movement of the tracer and work one with respect to the other.

To the attainment of these ends, and the accomplishment of other new and useful improvements as will appear, the invention consists in the features of novelty in substantially the construction, combination and arrangement of the several parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed and shown in the accompanying drawings illustrating this invention and in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of a planer-shaper having a duplicating attachment of this character, constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention applied thereto.

Figure 2 is a front elevation of Figure 1 on an enlarged scale.

Figure 3 is a detail view in elevation of the template holder showing the same in different positions.

Figure 4 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section, with parts broken away, of the tracer control valve.

Figure 5 is a detail sectional viewof a portion of the valve shown in Figure 1 with the valve in a neutral position.

' Figure 6 is a front elevation of a different type planer-shaper having an attachment constructed correspondingly exhausted in in accordance with the principles of this invention applied thereto.

Figure 7 is a detail elevation of some of the parts shown in Figure 6 and in different positions. 1

Figure 8 is a view similar in construction to a portion of the machine shown in Figure 6 hav-- ing an adjustable template holder attached thereto for producing any desired angle by the operation of the tool upon the work.

Figure 9 is a detail view taken on line 9-9 Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a vertical longitudinal sectionalview of the tracer valve casing and mounting for one form of tracer finger or stem, the latter being in elevation.

Figure 11 is a vertical longitudinalsectional view of a portion of the tracer valve casing, and mounting for another form of tracer finger, or stem, the latter being shown in elevation.

Referring more particularly to the drawings and to the form of the invention shown in Figures 1 to 5, the numeral l4 designates generally the supporting frame of a shaper-planer machine provided with the usual vertically adjustable knee l6 and in the present form of the invention this knee is adapted to be raised and lowered by means of fluid pressure. To that end there is provided any desired or suitable number of cylinders i1 suitably supported and in the cylinders are provided pistons l8 to each of which is connected a piston rod l9 that passes through a suitable stufling box 20 and the ends of the piston rods are connected in any desired or suitable manner to the knee l6, as at 2|.

The pistons I8 are moved in the cylinders I! by fluid pressure admitted to the cylinders on one side or the other of the piston and being a manner to be more specifically set forth. I

Mounted to slide upon the knee I6 is a carriage 22 which may be moved backwardly and forwardly in directions transverse to the vertical movement of the knee, in any suitable manner either by means of fluid pressure, mechanically, or manually. In the present exemplification of the invention this carriage is moved manually by means of a crank 23 which rotates a screw 24 operatively connected to the carriage 22, in a manner well known in this art. I

Mounted upon the carriage 22 to move therewith is an armor bracket 25 which carries a template holder 26 upon which latter the template 21 rests and this template is secured in position thereupon in any suitable manner such as by means of fastening devices 23.

The template holder 26 is connected to the arm or bracket in any suitable manner so as to be adjusted with respect thereto to vary the angle of inclination of the supporting surface of the template holder. This 'may be accomplished by providing a pivotal connection29 between the template holder and the bracket, the pivotal connection being formed in any suitable manner, preferably by providing a stub shaft 30 (see particularly Figures 3 and 9) journaled in a split bearing 3|, the split parts of the bearing being adapted to be drawn together by means of a fastening bolt 32. By loosening the fastening means the template holder may be swung about its pivot to any desired position, after which the fastening device is adjusted to draw the split parts of the bearing together to clamp the template holder in its adjusted position.

Carried by the template holder 26 is a protractor 33 having graduations-thereon and which graduations co-operate with an index or pointer 34 suitably arranged, so that the angle or degree of adjustment of the template holder may be readily determined.

It will therefore be seen that when the carriage 22 is adjusted with respect to the knee l6 the template holder 26 will be correspondingly adjusted.

Mounted upon the frame of the machine is the usual slide 35 which carries a tool holder 36 in which latter the shaper-planer tool 31 is removably secured by means of the fastening screw 36, in a manner well known in this art.

The tool holder is mounted upon the usual slide 39 and this slide is vertically adjustable by means of the screw 40 actuated by the usual operating handle 4| so as to position the cutting tool 31 with respect to the surface of the work 42 that is being operated upon.

The carriage 35 is adapted to be reciprocated in directions transverse to the direction of movement of the carriage 22 upon the knee IS, in the ordinary and well known manner.

Mounted upon the frame l5 of the machine is an arm or bracket 43 and supported thereby is a tracer valve casing 44 which is adapted to be adjusted vertically with respect to the machine frame |5 by means of an adjusting screw 45 and v is also adapted to be adjusted in a plane parallel with the plane of reciprocation of the carriage 22 upon the knee l6 by the adjusting screw 46, and also in a plane parallel with theplane of movement of the slide 35 upon the machine frame |5 by the screw 41, and which direction of adjustment will be transverse to the direction of movement of the carriage 22 upon the knee l6. These adjustments are provided so as to properly position the tracer valve casing 44 so that the tracer finger 48 will be properly positioned with respect to the template 21.

Within the tracer valve casing 44 is arranged a tracer valve which controls the supply of fluid under pressure to the cylinders IT on one side of the piston and the exhaust of the fluid from the cylinders on the other side of the piston to control the raising and lowering movement of the knee l6.

As the tracer finger 48 follows the contour of the template 21 the tracer valve will be operated and the supply of fluid will be controlled.

The tracer valve embodies a sleeve 43 provided with ports 50, 5| and 52, the ports 50 being adapted to co-operate with a port or passage 53 in the adjacent face of the tracer casing 44, the ports 5| co-operating with the port or passage 54 in the tracer casing, while the ports 52 co-operate with a port or passage 55 in the wall of the tracer casing.

Leading from the port or passage 55 in the tracer casing is a pipe 56 that has communication with a pipe 5| that leads to and communicates with the cylinders beneath the piston l8.

Leading from the port or passage 53 is a pipe 58 that has communication with a pipe 59 that leads to and communicates with the cylinders l1 1 on the opposite side of the pistons l8 so that when fluid enters the pipe 56, under pressure and I is delivered to the cylinders beneath the pistons, the latter will be raised and elevate the knee, while the fluid on the opposite side of the pistons will .be discharged through the pipe 59 and into the port or passage 55 of the tracer casing. The flow of fluid may be reversed by means of the tracer valve, in a manner to be described.

Leading to the port or passage 54 is a pipe 60 through which pipe fluid under pressure is supplied to the tracervalve casing from the source of supply and leading from a port or passage 6| in the tracer valve casing is a pipe 62 through which, and in the proper position of the tracer valve, the fluid will be returned to the source of supply.

Fluid under pressure is supplied from a tank or pump unit designated generally by the reference numeral 63 which may be of any desired or suitable construction, sufllce it to say that there is provided a motor 64 which operates a pump device within the unit 63 and this pump device forces the fluid under pressure out of the unit through the pipe 65, thence through a strainer 66, if the latter is employed, and into a pipe 61 supported by a bracket 69 and which pipe 61 is connected to the pipe 60 preferably by means of a flexible tube 15. The pipe 62 is connected preferably by means of a flexible tube H to a pipe 12 that leads back to the unit 63. g

If desired a valve 13 may be provided in the pipe to control the volume of fluid supplied to the pipe 61.

Leading from the valve casing 44 is a port or passage 14 with which a pipe or tube, preferably flexible, is'connected and this pipe or tube I5 is connected to a pipe I6 which leads back to the source of supply of fluid whereby any fluid which escapes past the tracer valve will be delivered will be open to the port 52-55; that is, in a position that the fluid will be admitted to the under side of the piston to raise the knee, or in the position shown in Figure 4. This raising movement of the knee will continue until the tip of the tracercontacts the template with sufllcient pressure to shift the tracervalve to another position.

At the end of. the sleeve 43 is a-bearing 63,

in which a stem or rod 64 moves, and the end of the rod is provided with a chamber into which the spherical end 86 of the tracer stem 45 projects, (see particularly Figure 10) engaging a seat II. a bearing 81 being providedto hold these parts assembled. The seat II is of any desired shape and the bearing 21 is provided with an opening it through which a portion of the stem 42 passes so as to permit the stem ll to swivel or rock.

In the form of tracer shown in Figure 10, there is provided a can It which is threaded upon a portion of the tracer casing 44 and is provided with a conical extremity to provide an inclined or cam surface ll, and this cap is also provided with an opening 82 inits apex, through'which the stem 48 passes. The opening '2 is of a diameter substantially greater than the external diameter of that portion of the stem 42 that passes therethrough, so as not tointeriere with the lateral or rocking movement of the stem 42. A bearing or cam 83 is secured to the stem 48 within the cap 90, and is provided with a suitable'surface 84 which moves upon and co-operates with the conical surface 9| of the cap ll, so that when the tracer stem is deflected laterally the surface 84 of the cam 92 will ride upon the surface SI and thereby shift the tracer valve.

A spring 95 abutting a shoulder 98 on the stem 84 serves to sustain the weight of the tracer valve and counterbalance the valve mechanism and also serves when the pressure of the spring l2--A (Figure 10) is released from the stem 82, it will shift the tracer valve into position whereby the fluid will be directed from the bottom of the pistons to the top thereof in the cylinder and lower the knee. In the form of tracer shown in Figure 11 the tracer stem 48 passes loosely through a hearing "-A at the end of the valve casing 44 and is provided with a shoulder l8--B and a collar OIL-A is threaded on to the bearing and co-operates with the shoulder "-B to maintain the tracer stem in position. The stem 42 is held against rotation but for free longitudinal movement with respect to the bearing 48A preferably by means of a key or spline 48-0 and the shield 98-A corresponding with the shield 98 in Figure 10 is secured to a reduced threaded extremity 98-3 on the stem 42.

At the outer or free end of the stem 48 is arranged a roller i8-D suitably mounted, with this form of tracer and asthe stem 48 is maintained against rotation in its bearing, when the roller 48-D contacts an obstruction on the template, it will roll up the wall or face of such obstruction, to shift the stem longitudinally and thereby correspondingly shift the tracer valve 11.

Within the tracer valve casing is provided a chamber 91 from which the outlet 14 leads and disposed within the chamber 9'! is a shield 92 upon which any fluid or liquid which finds its way past the tracer valve will drop to be deflected and cause to flow out of the opening 14 and will thereby be prevented from finding its way along the tracer stem #8.

The spring 82A, Figure 10, tends normally to move the tracer valve l1 and the tracer stem II to a forward position when the tracer finger is out of contact with the template, or into the position shown in Figure 4; as the tracer stem will be counterbalanced, in a manner already. described, the tracer finger will follow lightly over the template and thereby prevent injury to the template by the tracer finger.

When the tracer tip encounters an obstruction by moving into contact with the template or across the surface thereof, the tracer tip or point will be elevated or rocked, as the case may be, and

, this movement of the tracer tip through the movement of the stem 42 will shift the stem 84 against the stress of the spring 88 to move the valve II. This movement of the valve will raise the port ll so that it will be brought into connection with the port or passage "-63. and close the port, or passage sure will then be admitted from the pump through the pipe ll and will cause the fluid to flow through the port or passage 53 into the pipe I2 thence into the pipe I! to be discharged into the 7 l8 to lower the knee ll.

- At the same time the fluid from the bottom of the cylinders I! will be discharged or expelled through the pipe 51, thence through the port or passage "-42, port or passage It which has been moved into connection with the passage 52. thence through the end of the valve ll, thence through the port or passage 8| through pipe 62 back to the source of supply.

This flow of fluid into the cylinder at the top and from the cylinder at the bottom causes the knee carrying the work to travel downwardly until the tracer returns to such a position as to raise the flow oi fluid. When the tracer tip encounters a downward incline on the template, port or passage 54-5! will be opened or brought into communication with the port or passage 52- by means of the passage 19, admitting the fluid from the pump to the bottom of the cylinder. At the same time the fluid from the top of the cylinder will be expelled through the port or passage -53 and outlet pipe 58 to the source of supply.

This flow continues until the work and tern plate have travelled upward sufliciently to move the valve to another position to reverse the direction of flow of the fluid. However, during theoperation of the cutter upon the work and when the tracer is following a straight or level portion of the template, the tracer valve will be in a neutral position, or in a'position to lock the knee' against either a raising or lowering movement.

It will therefore be manifest that by the travel of the tracer flnger across the surface of the template the movement of the cutter 31 will be correspondingly controlled and the shape of the template will be produced upon the work.

By the provision of the adjustable template holder 26 it will be manifest that it is possible to cut angles on the work without the use of templates, such operation being clearly shown in Figure 3.

In this event the template holder 26; which is generally employed 'to hold the template, is adapted to be adjusted and by the provision of l2-,II. The fluid under presthe protractor the adjustment can be accurate,

and the template holder so positioned that the top edgethereoi or a portion of the template holder, may-be positioned to be contracted by the tracer finger, and as the operation of the machine progresses, the flnger will move across this surface of the adjustable template holder 26 to cause the cutter to produce this angle in the work.

If the template holder is set so that the protractor 22 is at zero, the tracer tip is permitted to ride across the flat straight edge, and the knee 0! the machine will be hydraulically locked and the cutting tool will cut a flat surface on the work as the carriage 22, is fed across the tool by means of the screw or adjusting means 24.

If an angle is desired to be cut on the work,

this can be accomplished by merely setting the protractor to the desired angle and then moving the carriage 22 by means of the screw 24.

When the carriage is moved by the screw 24, for the n t cut, the template holder will contact the tracer point to shift the tracer valve, and the knee will be lowered, giving the cutting tool the same position on the work as the tracer is on the template.

By this means it is possible to cut any desired angle across the work by merely setting the protractor.

As the template is moved with the table and work, the tracer tip is always in contact with the template, and the tool, being in the same position relative to the tracer tip, will cut the same profile on the work as followed by the tracer tip over the template.

In the form of the invention shown in Figures 6 to 9 the tool carrier is mounted upon the carriage 99 which is movable backwardly and forwardly by means of a screw I operated by a crank IN, or by any other suitable means. The tracer casing 44 is supported by an arm or bracket I02 secured to the cutter carriage 91 and the work hold-- er is mounted upon a carriage I03. This carriage I03 is adapted to be reciprocated upon its support I04 in any desired or suitable manner, well known in this art, so as to move the work 42 with respect to the cutter I05.

In this form of the invention the template 21 is mounted upon a bracket or support I06, that is anchored to a fixed part of the machine, so that the template 21 will remain stationary while the work 42 is adapted for movements in directions transverse to the direction of movement of the carriage 99.

As the carriage 99 is adjusted by the screw I00, the tracer will also be adjusted with respect to the template 21, and during themovement of the cutter with respect to the work, the tracer finger It will be correspondingly moved with respect to the template 21.

In this form of the invention instead of moving the work supporting member or knee toward and away from the cutter, and correspondingly moving the template with respect to the tracer finger, the cutter and the tracer finger are movable respectively with relation to the work and the template, and in orderto accomplish this there is provided a cylinder I01 which is mounted upon the cutter holder I08, and the slide to which the cutter I05 is connected, is in turn connected by means of apiston rod I09 to a piston IIO that moves in a cylinder I01. V

The pipes H2 and vH3 corresponding respectively with the pipes 51 and 59 in the form of theinvention shown in Figure 1, lead to the bottom and top of the cylinder III, from the tracer valve .casing, and on opposite sides of the piston I I0, sothat when the valve is shifted in traversing the template 21, the contour of the template will cause the tracer valve to be positioned to cause 'fluid under pressure to be directed to one side or the other of the piston IIO, to raise or lower the tool carrier and the cutter I05, in the same manner in which the knee I6 is raised and lowered in the form of the invention shown in Figure 1.

.In this form of the invention, and in order to produce any selected angle of cut on the work, a pivotally mounted template holder II4 may be provided (see particularly Figure 8) to which holder the template 21 may be secured. The template holder is connected to the arm or bracket I06 by means of a pivot, preferably in the same manner that the template holder 21 is mounted, and a protractor of graduated segment H5, is

provided on the template holder, the graduations co-operating with the pointer or indicator .I I. so that by setting the template holder at any desired degree or angle as indicated by this indicator, the work will be cut on an angle similar to that on the indicator, with the consequence that any selected angle on this indicator can be produced on the work. 1

These angles may be procured without the use of the template 2'l and directly from the template holder itself. In order to accomplish this the template holder may be provided with a flange I I1 along one edge, against and over which the tracer finger moves.

It will therefore be manifest that this inven-' tion may be applied in the form of an attachment to an ordinary shaper-planer, while at the same time the attachment will not interfere with the upon'a shaft I22 and supported by a bracket I23. One end of the arm I2I projects beneath a shoulder or nut I24, on the portion of the stem 02 that projects above the tracer valve casing 44, and the nut or shoulder I24 may be adjustable with respect to the stem. In order therefore to manually move the tracer valve to eifect a movement of one of the parts of the mechanism toward and away from the other, the shaft .I I8 may be rocked by the handle I I9, to cause the arm I2I,' by its engagement with the shoulder I24 to move the tracer valve within the casing.

While the preferred forms of the invention have been herein shown and described, it is to be understood that various changes may be made in the details of construction and in the combination and arrangement of theseveral parts, within the scope of the claims, without departing from the spirit of this invention.

What is claimed as new is:

1. In a shaper or planer machine, awork support, a non-rotatable cutter having a forward and backward cutting movement, a template holder mounted in fixed relation to the work support, a tracer adapted to traverse a template held by said template holder, means for raising and lowering said work support to move the work towards and away from the cutter in directions transverse to the direction of cutting movement,

A means controlled by the tracer for controlling plate held by said template holder, means for effecting a movement of the work support and cutter one toward and away from the other in directions transverse to the direction of cutting movement, means controlled by the tracer for controlling the said raising and lowering means,

said template holder having an uninterrupted template supporting surface adapted to be directly contacted by and over which the tracer is adapted to move, said surface serving as a template, means mounting said template holder for adjustment, whereby said surface maybe positioned at different angles, and indicating means for indicating the angle of adjustment of the said surface.

3. In a shaper or planer machine, a work support, a non-rotatable cutter having a forward and backward movement, a template holder mounted in fixed relation to the work support, a tracer adapted to traverse a template held by said holder, means for raising and lowering the said cutter and the said work holder one towards and away from the other in directions transverse to the direction of cutting movement, said template holder having an uninterrupted template supporting surface adapted to be directly contacted by and over which the tracer is adapted to move, said surface serving as a template, and

means mounting said template holder for adjustment, whereby the said surface may be positioned at'different angles.

4. In a shaper or planer machine, a work support, a non-rotatable cutter having a forward and backward cutting movement, a template holder mounted in fixed relation to the work support, a tracer adapted to traverse a template held by said holder, means for raising and lowering said cutter and work, one toward and away from the other in directions transverse to the direction of cutting movement, said template holder THOMAS W. BANNON. 

